病死和病害动物无害化处理方法探讨

病死和病害动物无害化处理工作关乎动物养殖和公共卫生安全。本文从工艺流程、适用对象、处理周期与成本、残渣再利用和污染环境情况等方面,对焚烧法、化制法、高温法、深埋法和硫酸分解法等5种无害化处理方法的优缺点进行了对比分析。结果表明,焚烧法周期最短,深埋法周期最长;焚烧法和深埋法处理成本最低;高温法最有利于环保。     

红景天果皮水提液对5种植物种子的化感作用

以狭叶红景天种子、榆荞种子、樱桃番茄种子、意大利耐抽薹生菜种子和新牛角椒种子为受试材料,研究了狭叶红景天果皮水提液对5种植物的化感作用.结果表明,不同浓度的狭叶红景天果皮水提液对5种植物种子的萌发、胚根及幼苗生长均表现出不同的化感作用影响.其中,对狭叶红景天种子萌发和胚根生长都表现为明显的抑制作用,并且随着处理浓度增高,抑制作用表现越强,但对幼苗的生长却表现出明显的促进生长作用,其中以0.02 g/mL的水浸液处理的狭叶红景天幼苗生长速度最快;对榆荞种子萌发和幼苗生长表现为低浓度促进生长和高浓度抑制生长的作用,而对胚根生长却表现抑制作用,并随着处理浓度的增高,抑制作用也越强;对樱桃番茄和意大利耐抽薹生菜种子的萌发和胚根生长也都表现为明显的抑制作用,对樱桃番茄幼苗的生长影响与榆荞的一致,对意大利耐抽薹生菜幼苗的生长影响与狭叶红景天植物一致;对新牛角椒种子萌发的影响与榆荞种子相同,对其胚根和幼苗生长影响都表现为促进作用,但也存在随着处理浓度增高,其产生的促进生长作用逐渐减弱的现象.     

花生种子特异启动子AHSSP1的克隆及功能分析

为丰富花生种子特异启动子资源,本研究利用PCR技术在花生基因组中克隆了种子贮藏蛋白基因PSC32的启动子AHSSP1,利用半定量RT-PCR检测了PSC32基因表达模式,借助NewPLACE在线分析了AHSSP1序列中存在的顺式作用元件,并构建了AHSSP1驱动GUS报告基因的表达载体,经农杆菌转化获得转基因拟南芥,经GUS组织化学染色鉴定了该启动子的功能。结果表明,PSC32基因957 bp长的启动子AHSSP1序列具备种子特异表达启动子特有的3个RY REPEAT元件。半定量RT-PCR分析发现,PSC32基因在花生成熟种子中表达,而在饱果成熟期根、茎、叶片、花、入土前的果针、成熟种子的果壳中均不表达。GUS组织化学染色发现,转基因拟南芥成熟种子以及萌发种子的子叶、下胚轴和胚根均能够被染上蓝色;长出真叶后,子叶和下胚轴仍能被染色,而根和真叶不能被染上蓝色;成年期转基因拟南芥的叶片也不能被染上蓝色。而野生型拟南芥整个生长时期均不能被染上蓝色。以上现象说明AHSSP1是一个种子特异启动子。本研究丰富了花生种子特异启动子的资源,对花生籽仁品质改良或以花生籽仁作为“生物反应器”的研究具有重要的应用价值。     

《农业行政处罚程序规定》修订要点解读

《农业行政处罚程序规定》修订坚持以规范农业行政执法程序、保护管理相对人合法权益为落脚点,进一步规范了农业行政处罚程序,统一了农业行政处罚的实施主体,完善了农业行政处罚案件地域管辖、立案管辖、移送管辖、直接管辖、指定管辖的规则以及管辖权争议解决途径,明确了电子商务平台、自建网站、通过其他网络服务销售商品或提供服务的电子商务经营者的农业违法行为,以及电子商务平台内经营者的农业违法行为的管辖规则,增加了农业行政处罚案件的立案条件、立案期限和撤销案件、中止调查的适用情形,细化了九种主要证据种类及其调查取证规则,以及全面推行了行政执法"三项制度"。新版《规定》将是农业综合执法改革和发展过程中指导我国农业行政处罚权威的纲领性文件。     

一起饲料未落实留样观察制度案的查处

2019年7月,A市农业综合执法支队执法人员在执法检查中发现,×宠物饲料有限公司涉嫌未落实留样观察制度而从事饲料生产。经立案调查,认定当事人违法事实存在,证据确凿。根据《饲料和饲料添加剂管理条例》规定,依法给予了行政处罚。本文重点介绍了案件的发生、查处经过、法律适用及处理情况等执法内容,讨论了饲料留样目的和意义、调查取证注意事项、违法物品的处理以及责令改正的正确适用等问题,指出了办理此类案件时的取证依据、处罚前置条件,以期为行政执法人员办理同类案件提供参考。     

混凝土二次振捣初探

本文介绍了混凝土的二次振捣的概念、意义、优点;影响混凝土二次振捣的因素;混凝土二次振捣的适宜时间;并结合实例说明了二次振捣的必要性。     

液体酶后喷涂设备及安装浅析

本文分析了饲料加工流程中几处可供液体酶喷涂设备安装位置的特点和各种类型喷涂设备的特点,提出设备选择和设备安装选点参考意见,供设计人员设计设备及饲料生产厂家选用设备和安装设备时参考。     

称重式油脂添加设备的系统设计分析

<正>饲料生产中添加油脂是为了满足生产高浓度能量饲料的要求,同时还可减少氨基酸氧化,提高氨基酸的消化率;抑制葡萄糖和其它前体物质转化为脂肪;促进脂溶性维生素A、D、E、K和某些激素的吸收     

20%氰戊菊酯乳油对蔬菜菜青虫的防治效果

2006年在浏阳进行了20%氰戊菊酯乳油防治蔬菜菜青虫(Pieris rapae)的田间试验。结果表明:20%氰戊菊酯乳油防治菜青虫,药后7d杀虫效果分别为69.23%～84.43%。     

Effects of Dietary Binders on Survival and Growth Performance of Postlarval Tongue Sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis (Günther)

A 30‐d feeding experiment was conducted in tanks to investigate the effects of four different binders (2% in microdiet) on the survival, growth performance, and specific activity of digestive enzymes in tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther, postlarvae (24 d after hatching, with initial average wet weight of 22.4 ± 6.65 mg [mean ± SD]). Five approximately isonitrogenous and isoenergetic microbound diets were formulated with carrageenan (Car), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMS), sodium alginate (SA), and gelatin (Gel) as binders, and a diet with no special binder as a control. A commercial diet (RQ Com., manufactured by Marubeni Nisshin Feed Co., Ltd., Chita, Japan) was used as another tested diet, and Artemia nauplii was used as live prey control. The results showed that the survival of the fish fed SA diet (31.3%) was significantly higher than that of fish fed CMS (21.8%), Car (10.8%), and control (21.8%) diets (P < 0.05), but significantly lower than that of the fish fed the live prey (54.5%) diet (P < 0.05). The results of growth followed the similar pattern as that of survival, although there were no significant differences in specific growth rate (SGR) among fish fed SA, CMS, Gel, the control, and RQ diets (7.2, 6.8, 7.0, 6.9, and 7.3% per day; P > 0.05). However, fish fed Car diet had a significantly lower SGR (5.9% per day) than fish fed other diets. Percentages of secreted amylase in fish fed artificial diets were not significantly different, but fish fed artificial diets had significantly higher (P < 0.05) secreted amylase than live prey group. Percentage of secreted trypsin in fish fed SA diet (54.9%) was relatively higher compared with other binders, and not significantly different from RQ Com. and live prey treatments. However, trypsin in fish fed Car diets (29.3%) was significantly lower than in other groups. Specific activities of alkaline phosphatase (AP) in the intestine and AP and leucine aminopeptidase N in brush border membranes in fish fed SA diet (264.6, 1882.8, and 187.2 mU/mg protein) were relatively higher compared with other binders. These results indicate that SA is one of suitable binders compared with carrageenan, CMS, and gelatin in microdiet of postlarval tongue sole.